Method for making a high current low profile inductor

ABSTRACT

A high current, low profile inductor includes a conductor coil surrounded by magnetic material to form an inductor body. An inductor body is formed around the inductor coil and includes a resin and a magnetic material compressed while it is dry and surrounding the inside and the outside of the coil.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S)

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No.12/535,757 filed Aug. 5, 2009, which is a divisional application of U.S.application Ser. No. 12/013,725 filed Jan. 14, 2008, which is adivisional application of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/782,020 filedJul. 24, 2007, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,345,562, which is a divisionalapplication of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/609,165 filed Dec. 11, 2006,now U.S. Pat. No. 7,263,761, which is a divisional application of U.S.application Ser. No. 11/409,651 filed Apr. 24, 2006, now U.S. Pat. No.7,221,249, which is a divisional application of U.S. application Ser.No. 11/038,880 filed Jan. 20, 2005, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,034,645, whichis a divisional application of U.S. application Ser. No. 10/244,777,filed Sep. 16, 2002, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,946,944, which is acontinuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/546,859 filed Apr. 10,2000, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,449,829, which is a divisional of U.S.application Ser. No. 09/271,748, filed Mar. 18, 1999, now U.S. Pat. No.6,198,375. U.S. application Ser. No. 10/244,777, filed Sep. 16, 2002,now U.S. Pat. No. 6,946,944, is also a continuation of U.S. applicationSer. No. 09/547,155, filed Apr. 11, 2000, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,460,244,which is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 08/963,224, filedNov. 3, 1997, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,204,744, which is a continuation ofU.S. application Ser. No. 08/503,655 filed Jul. 18, 1995, now abandoned.

BACKGROUND

The present invention relates to an inductor coil structure and methodfor making same. The coil structure of the present invention ispreferably for use in a high current low profile inductor commonlyreferred to by the designation IHLP. However, the particular coilstructure may be used in other types of inductors.

Inductor coils have in the prior art been constructed from variousshapes of materials formed into various helical shapes. However, thereis a need for an improved inductor coil structure which is simple tomanufacture and which provides an efficient and reliable inductancecoil.

Therefore, a primary object of the present invention is the provision ofan improved inductor coil structure and method for making same.

A further object of the present invention is the provision of aninductor coil structure which can be used in a high current low profileinductor having no air spaces in the inductor, and which includes amagnetic material completely surrounding the coil.

A further object of the present invention is the provision of aninductor coil structure which includes a closed magnetic system whichhas self-shielding capability.

A further object of the present invention is the provision of aninductor coil structure which maximizes the utilization of space neededfor a given inductance performance so that the inductor can be of aminimum size.

A further object of the present invention is the provision of animproved inductor coil structure which is smaller, less expensive tomanufacture, and is capable of accepting more current without saturationthan previous inductor coil structures.

A further object of the present invention is the provision of aninductor coil structure which lowers the series resistance of theinductor.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The foregoing objects may be achieved by a high current low profileinductor comprising a conductor coil having first and second coil ends.A magnetic material surrounds the conductor coil to form an inductorbody. The inductor coil comprises a plurality of coil turns extendingaround a longitudinal coil axis in an approximately helical path whichprogresses axially along the coil axis. The coil turns are formed from aflat plate having first and second opposite flat surfaces, at least aportion of each of the flat surfaces of the coil turns facing in a axialdirection with respect to the coil axis.

The method for making the inductor includes taking an elongated plateconductor having a first end, a second end, opposite side edges,opposite flat surfaces, and a longitudinal plate axis. A plurality ofslots are cut in each of the opposite side edges of the plate conductorso as to form the plate conductor into a plurality of cross segmentsextending transversely with respect to the plate axis and a plurality ofconnecting segments extending approximately axially with respect to theplate axis. The connecting segments connect the cross segments togetherinto a continuous conductor which extends in a sine shaped path. As usedherein the term “sine shaped” refers to any shape which generallyconforms to a sine curve, but which is not limited to a continuous curveand may include apexes, squared off corners or other various shapes.

After cutting the slots in the opposite side edges of the plateconductor the connecting segments are bent along one or more bend axesextending transversely with respect to the plate axis so as to form theplate conductor into a plurality of accordion folds, each of whichcomprise one of the cross segments and a portion of one of theconnecting segments. In the resulting structure, the cross segments andthe connecting segments form a continuous conductor coil of approximatehelical shape having first and second opposite ends.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING(S)

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the inductor constructed in accordancewith the present invention and mounted upon a circuit board.

FIG. 2 is a pictorial view of the coil of the inductor before themolding process.

FIG. 3 is a pictorial view of the inductor of the present inventionafter the molding process is complete, but before the leads have beenformed.

FIG. 4 is an end elevational view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 2.

FIG. 5 is an elevational view taken along lines 5-5 of FIG. 4.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an elongated conductor blank from whichthe inductor coil is formed.

FIG. 7 shows the blank of FIG. 6 after the formation of slots extendinginwardly from the opposite edges thereof.

FIG. 8 is a view similar to FIG. 7, showing the first folding step inthe formation of the inductor coil of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a side elevational view showing the same folding step shown inFIG. 8.

FIG. 10 is a view similar to 8 and showing a second folding step in theprocess for making the inductor coil of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an inverted pictorial view of the inductor after it has beenpressed, but before the leads have been formed.

FIG. 12 is a view similar to FIG. 11 showing the inductor after partialforming of the leads.

FIG. 13 is a view similar to FIGS. 11 and 12 showing the final formingof the leads.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT(S)

Referring to the drawings the numeral 10 generally designates aninductor of the present invention mounted upon a circuit board 12.Inductor 10 includes an inductor body 14 having a first lead 16 and asecond lead 18 extending therefrom and being folded over the oppositeends of body 14. Leads 16, 18 are soldered or otherwise electricallyconnected on the circuit board 12.

Referring to FIG. 2, the inductor coil of the present invention isgenerally designated by the numeral 20. Leads 16, 18 form the ends ofcoil 22. Between leads 16, 18 are a plurality of L-shaped coil segments26 each comprising a horizontal leg 28 and a vertical leg 30. Verticalleg 30 terminates at a connecting segment 32 which is folded over atapproximately 180° so as to create an accordion like configuration forinductor coil 20. The L-shaped coil segments are connected together toform a helical coil having an open coil center 34 extending along alongitudinal coil axis 36.

FIGS. 6-10 show the process for making the coil 20. Initially as shownin FIG. 6 a blank flat conductor plate 50 formed of copper or otherelectrically conductive material includes: first and second ends 52, 54;a pair of opposite flat surfaces 56; and a pair of opposite side edges58, 60.

FIG. 7 shows the first step in forming the coil 20. In this step aplurality of slots 62, 64 are cut in the opposite edges 58, 60respectively of the blank flat plate 50. Various cutting methods may beused such as stamping or actual cutting by laser or other cutting toolsknown in the art.

Upon completion of the cutting operation, the blank 50 is transformedinto an elongated sine shaped body formed from a plurality of crosssegments 66 extending transversely to the longitudinal axis of plate 50and a plurality of connecting segments 67 extending axially with respectto the longitudinal axis of plate 50. The segments 66, 67 form acontinuous sine shaped configuration as shown in FIG. 7.

FIG. 8 shows the next step in forming the coil 20. The end 52 is foldedover at an angle of 180° to form the 180° angle bend 63 in the firstconnecting segment 67. FIG. 10 shows a second bend 65 which is in thenext connecting segment 67. Bends 63, 65 are in opposite directions, andare repeated until an accordion like structure is provided similar tothat shown in FIG. 5.

In FIG. 5 the coil 20 includes opposite ends 16, 18 which are formedfrom the opposite ends 52, 54 of blank 50. The cross segments 66 ofblank 50 form the first horizontal legs 28 of coil 20, and theconnecting segments 67 of blank 50 form the second vertical legs 30 andthe connecting segments 32 of coil 20.

An example of a preferred material for coil 20 is a copper flat platemade from OFHC copper 102, 99.95% pure.

The magnetic molding material of body 14 is comprised of a powderediron, a filler, a resin, and a lubricant. The preferred powderedmaterial is manufactured by BASF Corporation, 100 Cherryhill Road,Parsippany, N.J. under the trade designation Carbonyl Iron, Grade SQ.This SQ material is insulated with 0.875% mass fraction with 75% H₃P04.

An epoxy resin is also added to the mixture, and the preferred resin forthis purpose is manufactured by Morton International, Post Office Box15240, Reading, Pa. under the trade designation Corvel Black, Number10-7086.

In addition a lubricant is added to the mixture. The lubricant is a zincstearate manufactured by Witco Corporation, Box 45296, Houston Tex.under the product designation Lubrazinc W.

Various combinations of the above ingredients may be mixed together, butthe preferred mixture is as follows:

1,000 grams of the powdered iron.

3.3% by weight of the resin.

0.3% by weight of the lubricant.

The above materials (other than the lubricant) are mixed together andthen acetone is added to wet the material to a mud-like consistency. Thematerial is then permitted to dry and is screened to a particle size of−50 mesh. The lubricant is then added to complete the material. Thematerial is then ready for pressure molding.

The next step in the process involves compressing the materialcompletely around the coil 20 so that it has a density produced byexposure to pressure of from 15 to 25 tons per square inch. This causesthe powdered material to be compressed and molded tightly completelyaround the coil so as to form the inductor body 14 shown in FIG. 1 andin FIGS. 11-13.

At this stage of the production the molded assembly is in the form whichis shown in FIG. 11. After baking, the leads 16, 18 are formed or bentas shown in FIGS. 12 and 13. The molded assemblies are then baked at325° F. for one hour and forty-five minutes to set the resin.

When compared to other inductive components the IHLP inductor of thepresent invention has several unique attributes. The conductive coil,lead frame, magnetic core material, and protective enclosure are moldedas a single integral low profile unitized body that has terminationleads suitable for surface mounting. The construction allows for maximumutilization of available space for magnetic performance and ismagnetically self-shielding.

The unitary construction eliminates the need for two core halves as wasthe case with prior art E cores or other core shapes, and alsoeliminates the associated assembly labor.

The unique conductor winding of the present invention allows for highcurrent operation and also optimizes magnetic parameters within theinductor's footprint.

The manufacturing process of the present invention provides a low cost,high performance package without the dependence on expensive, tighttolerance core materials and special winding techniques.

The magnetic core material has high resistivity (exceeding 3 mega ohms)that enables the inductor as it is manufactured to perform without aconductive path between the surface mount leads. The magnetic materialalso allows efficient operation up to 1 MHz. The inductor packageperformance yields a low DC resistance to inductance ratio of twomilliOhms per microHenry. A ratio of 5 or below is considered very good.

The unique configuration of the coil 20 reduces its cost of manufacture.Coil 20 may be used in various inductor configurations other than IHLPinductors.

In the drawings and specification there has been set forth a preferredembodiment of the invention, and although specific terms are employedthese are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not forpurposes of limitation. Changes in the form and the proportion of partsas well as in the substitution of equivalents are contemplated ascircumstances may suggest or render expedient without departing from thespirit or scope of the invention as further defined in the followingclaims.

1. An inductor comprising: an electrical coil having an open center;terminals for connecting the electrical coil to an electrical circuit;and a compressed body comprised of insulated conductive particles thattightly and completely surround and magnetically shield the coil.
 2. Theinductor of claim 1 wherein the coil comprises copper.
 3. The inductorof claim 2 wherein the copper is greater than approximately 99% pure. 4.The inductor of claim 1 wherein the electrical coil comprises aplurality of L-shaped coil segments.
 5. The inductor of claim 4 whereineach of the plurality of L-shaped coil segments comprises at least onevertical leg and at least one horizontal leg.
 6. The inductor of claim 1wherein the electrical coil is helical.
 7. The inductor of claim 1wherein the magnetic shielding prevents electrical shorting of theterminals.
 8. The inductor of claim 1 wherein the insulated conductiveparticles comprise iron.
 9. The inductor of claim 1 wherein theinsulated conductive particles are dry.
 10. The inductor of claim 1wherein the inductor is substantially devoid of air spaces.
 11. Theinductor of claim 1 wherein the electrical coil and the compressed bodyprovides a closed magnetic system.
 12. The inductor of claim 1 whereinthe compressed body comprises at least powdered iron, a filler, a resinand a lubricant.
 13. The inductor of claim 12 wherein the resincomprises an epoxy resin.
 14. The inductor of claim 12 wherein thelubricant comprises zinc stearate.
 15. The inductor of claim 1 whereinthe compressed body is pressed with a pressure within the range of 15 to25 tons per square inch.
 16. The inductor of claim 1 wherein the seriesresistance of the inductor is reduced.
 17. An inductor comprising: anelectrical coil having an open center; terminals for connecting theelectrical coil to an electrical circuit; and a compressed bodycomprised entirely of insulated magnetic materials that tightly andcompletely surround and shield the coil.
 18. The inductor of claim 17wherein the coil comprises copper.
 19. The inductor of claim 18 whereinthe copper is greater than approximately 99% pure.
 20. The inductor ofclaim 17 wherein the electrical coil is helical.
 21. The inductor ofclaim 17 wherein the magnetic shielding prevents electrical shorting ofthe terminals.
 22. The inductor of claim 17 wherein the insulatedmagnetic materials comprise iron.
 23. The inductor of claim 17 whereinthe insulated magnetic materials are dry.
 24. The inductor of claim 17wherein the inductor is substantially devoid of air spaces.
 25. Theinductor of claim 17 wherein the compressed body comprises at leastpowdered iron, a filler, a resin and a lubricant.
 26. The inductor ofclaim 25 wherein the resin comprises an epoxy resin.
 27. The inductor ofclaim 25 wherein the lubricant comprises zinc stearate.
 28. The inductorof claim 17 wherein the compressed body is pressed with a pressurewithin the range of 15 to 25 tons per square inch.
 29. The inductor ofclaim 17 further comprising a reduced series resistance.